Glossary of Useful Wound Care Terms
Arterial Leg Ulcer Terminology:
Leg ulcers are some of the most commonly treated wounds in the NHS.[1] Although venous leg ulcers account for over 60% of all cases, the risk of developing an arterial leg ulcer is high in individuals with poor circulation in the lower limbs. [2]
This glossary of the most important arterial leg ulcer terminology will help you to become more wound aware.
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Ankle Branchial Pressure Index
The ankle-brachial pressure index measures the body’s vessel competency. It is determined by a Doppler ultrasound that measures the blood pressure from the ankle and compares it to that of the arm.
Angiogram
An angiogram is a type of x-ray used to examine blood vessels.
Antibiotics
Antibiotics are drugs that are used to treat many types of bacterial infections. Antibiotics work by preventing or destroying the spread of bacteria.
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is the term for the narrowing and thickening of the artery wall due to a build-up of plaque. This plaque is made up of cholesterol, fats, and other substances.
Atrophie Blanche
Atrophie blanche is scarring caused by poor ulcer healing.
Arterial Disease
Inadequate blood flow through the arteries is caused by a build-up of plaque in the arteries. This can lead to pain, discomfort, and even arterial leg ulceration.
Arterial Insufficiency
Another term for arterial disease (see arterial disease).
Arterial Ulcer
The Vascular Society defines an arterial leg ulcer as a break in the skin that allows air and microorganisms to enter the body. An arterial ulcer is caused by inadequate blood supply to the lower limbs caused by a build-up of plaque blocking the artery. When the blood supply is reduced, so too is the supply of oxygen. The lack of oxygen to the affected area causes the tissue to break down and ulcerate.
Arteriogram
Another term for an angiogram (see angiogram).
Carbon Dressing
Carbon dressings contain a charcoal layer that is designed to absorb odour from wounds.
Cellulitis
Cellulitis is a bacterial infection that develops under the skin. Cellulitis usually develops on the lower limbs. The skin usually appears red and swollen. In some cases, the skin may begin to blister and feel hot to the touch.
Chronic Oedema
Oedema is the accumulation of fluid in the body’s tissues. Oedema is considered chronic if it persists for more than 3 months. It is usually concentrated in one area of the body.
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Debridement
Debridement is the process by which necrotic (dead) or infected tissue is removed from within or around the wound bed. Debridement assists wound healing and reduces the risk of infection and malodour.
Dermis
The dermis is the middle layer of the skin. It is the thickest layer of the skin and is made up of elastic and fibrous tissue. It is located between the epidermis and the hypodermis.
Epidermis
Exudate
Exudate is a fluid that leaks out of wounds. It is made up of electrolytes, water, nutrients, enzymes, and proteins. It is often referred to as pus (see Pus).
Infection
A reaction to bacteria and viruses invading the body.
Maceration
Maceration is when the skin softens and breaks down after prolonged exposure to moisture.
Malodour
Malodour is defined as a foul or unpleasant smell. Wound malodour can be problematic for clinicians and patients. It can lead to stress, discomfort, and isolation.
Periwound
The periwound is the skin around the wound bed.
Pus
Pus is another term for exudate (see Exudate).
Slough
Slough is considered a by-product of the inflammatory process. It is made up of skin cells, proteins, fibrin, and microorganisms. It is usually an off-white or yellow colour. The presence of slough can increase the risk of maceration, infection, and malodour.
Superabsorbent Dressing
Superabsorbent dressings absorb and retain exudate and fluid. Many superabsorbent dressings are designed to keep fluid away from the wound bed to maintain adequate moisture balance.
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Disclaimer:
Please note that while every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the content presented, it is purely for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.